Human -Defensin-2 Expression by Keratinocytes is Induced by Co- Culture with Trycophyton rubrum Through Toll-Like Receptors 2 and 4
نویسندگان
چکیده
To determine a role of human -Defensin-2 (HBD-2) in defense against cutaneous dermatophyte infection, we investigated the induction of HBD-2 mRNA expression by a nontumorigenic human keratinocyte-derived cell line, HaCaT cells, after co-culture with microconidia collected from the colonies of Trichophyton rubrum. Co-culture of T. rubrum or Candida albicans with HaCaT cells significantly induced HBD-2 mRNA expression. Furthermore, treatment with anti-TLR2 or TLR4 antibodies inhibited T. rubrum-induced HBD-2 upregulation, while it did not affect C. albicansinduced HBD-2 upregulation. Pretreatment of T. rubrum with Concanavalin A, which blocks mannosyl and glucosyl residues, inhibited HBD-2 expression by HaCaT cells, suggesting that mannosylated and glycosylated residues are important for HBD-2 induction. Collectively, these results suggest that T. rubrum induces HBD-2 expression through TLR2 and/or TLR4 pathway in keratinocytes and that HBD-2 may play a defense role in cutaneous dermatophyte
منابع مشابه
Keratinocytes from human skin respond as typical immune cells after stimulation with Trichophyton rubrum
Trichophyton rubrum is the main agent causing dermatophytosis (1). Keratinocytes are considered to be the first physical barrier of defense against pathogens (2). But not only a physical barrier. They recognize antigens through Toll like receptors (TLR) (3). The activation of this TLR, present on the surface of the keratinocytes, induce the expression of different pro-inflammatory cytokines, co...
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